While high-speed rail dominates journeys under five hours, domestic air travel remains essential for traversing continental distances—such as flying between Shanghai and Chengdu (3 hours) or Beijing and Urumqi (4.5 hours). China’s commercial aviation sector operates one of the youngest and safest fleets in the world across hundreds of newly constructed mega-airports.
The Big Three State Carriers vs Budget Airlines
China’s aviation market is anchored by the “Big Three” state-owned airline groups, all of which provide complimentary checked baggage, hot meals, and English customer service:
- Air China (Star Alliance): Primary hub at Beijing Capital (PEK); ideal for northern and southwestern trunk routes.
- China Eastern (SkyTeam): Primary hub at Shanghai Pudong (PVG) and Hongqiao (SHA); extensive eastern China and Yunnan network.
- China Southern: Primary hub at Guangzhou Baiyun (CAN) and Beijing Daxing (PKX); largest domestic network across southern China and Xinjiang.
- Budget Carriers (Spring Airlines, Lucky Air): Highly affordable base fares, but strictly enforce 7kg carry-on limits and charge extra for all checked baggage.
Baggage Allowances & Weight Restrictions
Standard economy tickets on full-service carriers include 20kg (44 lbs) of complimentary checked luggage and one standard 5kg to 8kg carry-on daypack. Excess baggage fees are calculated based on 1.5% of the full economy fare per kilogram. Ensure all portable lithium batteries travel in your carry-on daypack, strictly observing the 100Wh airport power bank limit.
Airport Security & Terminal Timing
Arrive at the airport terminal at least two hours prior to departure for domestic flights. Chinese airport security screening is thorough: laptops, tablets, cameras, umbrellas, and liquids must be placed in separate security bins. Reserve domestic flights with instant English confirmation via Trip.com Flights.
